Radiotherapy, or radiation therapy, is one of the pillars of cancer treatment. Radiotherapy preferentially uses X-rays to eliminate the solid manifestations of malignant tumours. 

It is estimated that 60% of cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy at a given phase of their disease, either as part of radical therapeutics (ablative) protocols or of symptomatic and palliative protocols.

Interview with Henrique Nabais and Filipa Silva on the occasion of World Ovarian Cancer Day, celebrated on May 8th. 

Ovarian cancer is the eighth most frequent cancer and the seventh most prevalent cause of death by cancer in women. In Portugal, in 2020, 560 new cases were diagnosed, and 408 deaths occurred, proving that this relatively rare cancer is highly lethal.

Maria (fictional name) has a scheduled surgical intervention to remove a malignant tumour from one of her breasts. She is the pre-op room, waiting to go into the OR, where the surgery will be performed under general anaesthetics. No wonder she feels anxious, her heart beats very fast, and she is unable to think about anything else right now. Her blood pressure is also going up.

Carla Malveiro is responsible, at the Champalimaud Foundation (FC), for implementing oncological patients’ physical exercise programmes, particularly for women undergoing treatment at the Foundation’s Breast Unit. As a doctoral student from the Human Motricity Faculty (FMH) of the University of Lisbon, the 41-year-old exercise physiologist, specialising in oncology, has worked at the Foundation since October.

March was Multiple Myeloma Awareness Month. In this short video, Cristina João, Haemato-oncologist of the Haemato-oncology Unit at the Champalimaud Foundation, explains what this pathology is and talks about the activities that the Unit has developed for improving the care of people with Multiple Myeloma. She also points out that, in addition to clinical activity, the Haemato-Oncology Unit does translational research through the Foundation's Lymphoma and Myeloma Research Group, which she leads.

Neste último vídeo da série, Laura Fernández, Cirurgiã Colorretal, fala da investigação da equipa sobre o Protocolo Watch&Wait (W&W).

Em estudos recentes, mostraram que a probabilidade de os doentes com cancro retal, que permanecem livres de tumores durante cinco anos, voltarem a desenvolver a doença é quase nula. Atualmente, a equipa está a tentar determinar quais os doentes, integrados no programa W&W, que serão mais susceptíveis de apresentar metástases.

In this video, Oriol Parés, Radiation Oncologist at the Champalimaud Foundation's Radiation Oncology Service, presents the advantages of the Watch and Wait (W&W) protocol in trying to avoid rectal surgery in low rectal cancer patients, sparing them from the decline of defecatory, urinary and sexual functions that can result from radiochemotherapy followed by surgery.

Surgery continues to be central in colorectal cancer treatment.

In this short video, surgeon Pedro Vieira describes the state-of-art practice of colorectal surgery at the Champalimaud Foundation, with a particular emphasis on robotic surgery, the gold standard in rectal surgery, and minimally invasive surgery, which Digestive Unit surgeons favour whenever possible.

In this first video, José Azevedo, colorectal surgeon, presents the three main scientific activities of the Digestive Unit: clinical research, translational research, and teaching.

He highlights, in particular, the unit’s successful collaborations with scientists working at the Foundation, which aim to bring scientific results more rapidly into clinical practice – the very definition of translational research.

There are different ways to classify cancers: for instance, by the organ (or tissue) in which they originate, and by the type of cells they involve. Cancers can be solid (tumour-forming) or liquid (blood cancers).

Using the first method yields more than 200 different types of cancer. In alphabetical order, the most common are: bladder cancer, breast cancer, colon and rectal cancer, endometrial cancer, kidney cancer, leukemia (blood cancer), liver cancer, lung cancer melanoma (skin cancer), non-Hodgkin lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and thyroid cancer.